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USC researchers reveal how modulation of the Hippo pathway and p27Kip1 gene enables sensory cell regeneration in the ear and retina, opening new therapeutic frontiers in hearing and vision recovery.
Sensory Cell Regeneration: Role of Genes in Mammals
Decoding Genetic Pathways in Sensory Restoration
A recent study published by the USC Stem Cell laboratory sheds light on the complex mechanisms of sensory cell regeneration in mammals, particularly in the context of hearing and vision. Conducted by Dr. Ksenia Gnedeva and her team, the research highlights the role of specific genes in the regeneration process, which could pave the way for innovative treatments to restore sensory functions in humans.
Understanding the Study
The study focuses on a set of interacting genes known as the Hippo pathway. This pathway functions as a regulatory mechanism that inhibits cell growth under certain conditions. The research conducted by first authors Eva Jahanshir and Juan Llamas revealed how the Hippo pathway plays a critical role in preventing the proliferation of sensory receptors in both the inner ear and the retina of adult mice.
Methodology
Utilizing an experimental compound previously developed by the lab to inhibit a key protein in the Hippo pathway, termed LATS1/2, the researchers were able to observe effects in cell cultures. When applied in a controlled environment, it encouraged supporting cells in the utricle — an inner ear sensory organ — to proliferate. Remarkably, the results varied when observing the organ of Corti, which is vital for hearing.
Key Findings
The research identified a protein, p27Kip1, encoded by a specific gene, which acts as an inhibitory factor blocking cell regeneration in the organ of Corti and retina. The study demonstrated that reducing the levels of p27Kip1 in a transgenic mouse model resulted in increased proliferation of progenitor cells in both the ear and retina.
